The conflict in Sudan has escalated dramatically, especially in El-Fasher and Darfur. Since late October 2025, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have seized El-Fasher after an 18-month siege, leading to widespread atrocities. Thousands of civilians are fleeing their homes, facing violence, shortages of essentials, and a humanitarian crisis. Many are asking: what exactly is happening on the ground, and what does it mean for Sudan and the world? Below, we answer some of the most pressing questions about this ongoing crisis.
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What is happening in El-Fasher and Darfur now?
El-Fasher, the last major city in Darfur, has fallen to the RSF after a prolonged siege. Since then, reports describe mass killings, sexual assaults, and attacks on civilians and medical facilities. Thousands of people have fled to overcrowded camps like Tawila, facing severe shortages of food, water, and medical aid. The violence continues to intensify across Darfur and Kordofan, worsening the humanitarian crisis.
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Why are so many people fleeing Sudan?
Millions of Sudanese civilians are fleeing their homes due to ongoing violence, ethnic cleansing, and war crimes committed by armed groups like the RSF. The conflict has destroyed communities, hospitals, and infrastructure, forcing people to seek safety in overcrowded camps or neighboring countries. The situation is dire, with many facing dehydration, trauma, and a lack of basic necessities.
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What are the main atrocities happening in Sudan?
Human rights groups report widespread atrocities including mass killings, sexual violence, attacks on hospitals, and ethnic cleansing. The RSF has been accused of war crimes, targeting civilian areas and medical facilities. Eyewitness accounts describe children arriving alone, survivors suffering from dehydration, and communities devastated by systematic violence.
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How is the international community responding?
The international response includes calls for urgent action from the UN, humanitarian organizations, and world leaders. Efforts are underway to deliver aid, evacuate civilians, and pressure conflicting parties to cease hostilities. However, access remains limited due to ongoing fighting, and many experts warn that more decisive intervention is needed to prevent further catastrophe.
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What is the background of the conflict in Sudan?
The civil war in Sudan began in April 2023, rooted in power struggles and ethnic tensions between the Sudanese army and the RSF, which has origins in Janjaweed militias. El-Fasher, in Darfur, was the last major city held by the army before falling to the RSF. The conflict has displaced millions and caused tens of thousands of deaths, with accusations of ethnic cleansing and war crimes.
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What can be done to help the people in Sudan?
Supporting humanitarian aid efforts, advocating for international intervention, and raising awareness are crucial. Organizations are working to deliver food, medical supplies, and shelter to displaced civilians. Governments and international bodies are urged to increase pressure on conflicting parties to stop the violence and protect civilians. Public support and donations can make a difference in alleviating the suffering.