Iran's strategic control over the Strait of Hormuz has significant implications for global oil markets and international security. Since mid-March 2026, Iran has exercised selective passage through this vital maritime chokepoint, affecting over 20% of the world's oil exports. This raises questions about Iran's motives, the risks of conflict, and how global trade is impacted. Below, we explore the key questions surrounding this tense situation.
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Why is Iran controlling the Strait of Hormuz?
Iran is exercising control over the Strait of Hormuz as a strategic move amid ongoing tensions with the US and its allies. Since the conflict escalated after US and Israeli strikes on Iran in February 2026, Iran has implemented a 'selective passage' system, allowing only certain vessels to pass. This control is part of Iran's broader effort to leverage its strategic position and influence global oil prices.
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How does the blockade affect global oil prices?
The blockade of the Strait of Hormuz has halted about 20% of global oil shipments, causing oil prices to surge above $100 a barrel. This disruption increases costs for airlines, transportation, and industries worldwide, leading to higher fuel prices and potential inflation. The ongoing conflict keeps energy prices elevated, impacting consumers and economies globally.
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What are the risks of military conflict over the Strait?
There are significant risks of military conflict, as the US has deployed Marines and threatened military action if Iran mines the strait. Iran has responded by deploying mines and attacking vessels, raising fears of a broader naval confrontation. Such conflict could further disrupt global oil supplies and escalate regional tensions, making diplomatic solutions more urgent.
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Can ships still pass through Iran's safe corridors?
Yes, Iran allows limited passage through negotiated safe corridors for certain vessels, mainly those allied with Iran or its strategic partners. Many ships transit with tracking systems off to avoid detection, and Iran manages oil flows selectively. However, the overall traffic has decreased dramatically, with tanker flows collapsing by over 90% in March 2026.
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What is the US doing to protect shipping in the Strait?
The US has deployed Marines and is considering naval escorts for merchant ships to ensure safe passage. The US also warns Iran against mining the strait and has increased military presence in the region. Despite these efforts, Iran's resilience and strategic use of mines and attacks complicate efforts to keep the strait open for global trade.