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What is norovirus and why is a vaccine important?
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that leads to severe gastrointestinal illness, resulting in around 12,000 hospital admissions annually in the UK alone. It causes approximately 200,000 deaths globally each year. A vaccine is essential to reduce hospitalizations and healthcare costs associated with norovirus, especially for vulnerable populations.
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How do mRNA vaccines work against norovirus?
mRNA vaccines, like the one developed by Moderna, work by using messenger RNA to instruct cells to produce a harmless piece of the virus, prompting an immune response. This prepares the immune system to recognize and fight the actual virus if exposed, potentially preventing illness.
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What are the expected outcomes of the Moderna trials?
The Moderna trials aim to involve around 25,000 participants globally, primarily adults over 60. Expected outcomes include a strong immune response to the vaccine and a significant reduction in norovirus-related hospitalizations, ultimately shifting the healthcare system towards prevention.
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When can we expect the norovirus vaccine to be available to the public?
While specific timelines for public availability are not yet confirmed, the trials are in their final testing phases. If successful, the vaccine could be approved and made available within a few years, depending on regulatory processes and trial results.
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What are the major strains of norovirus targeted by the vaccine?
The new mRNA vaccine targets three major strains of norovirus, which are responsible for the majority of infections. By addressing these strains, the vaccine aims to provide broad protection against the virus and reduce its impact on public health.
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Why is norovirus particularly dangerous for vulnerable populations?
Norovirus poses a higher risk to vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and those with weakened immune systems, due to their increased likelihood of severe illness and complications. The vaccine aims to protect these groups, reducing hospitalizations and improving overall health outcomes.