In recent months, a significant number of Afghans have been returning from Iran and Pakistan. This surge is driven by regional tensions, government crackdowns, and economic hardships. Many returnees face difficult conditions upon arrival, raising questions about the causes and consequences of this mass movement. Below, we explore the key reasons behind these repatriations and what they mean for Afghanistan’s future.
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What is causing the recent surge in Afghan repatriations?
The recent increase in Afghan returns from Iran and Pakistan is mainly due to government crackdowns and regional conflicts. Iran and Pakistan have launched campaigns to expel undocumented Afghans, citing security concerns and regional instability. These policies have led to over 1.2 million Afghans being forcibly returned this year alone, overwhelming Afghanistan’s limited aid capacity and worsening its humanitarian crisis.
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Why are so many Afghans returning from Iran and Pakistan?
Many Afghans are returning because of deportations, border crackdowns, and economic hardship in host countries. Iran, facing regional conflicts and internal issues, has deported hundreds of thousands of Afghans, often under duress. Pakistan has also set deadlines for Afghan migrants to leave, with plans to expel up to 3 million people this year, prompting many to return home.
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How are regional tensions affecting Afghanistan's stability?
Regional tensions, including conflicts in Iran and Pakistan, are destabilizing Afghanistan by increasing border crossings and straining its resources. The political and social tensions in Iran, where Afghans face discrimination and arrests, contribute to the mass repatriations. This influx of returnees, many arriving in dire conditions, threatens to deepen Afghanistan’s ongoing humanitarian crisis.
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What are the humanitarian risks for returnees?
Returnees often arrive with little belongings and limited support, facing economic hardship and lack of access to basic services. The UN warns that the large-scale repatriations could worsen Afghanistan’s already fragile humanitarian situation, with many families at risk of homelessness, food insecurity, and health issues due to the sudden influx of returnees.
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What can be done to help Afghan returnees?
International aid agencies are calling for a halt to forced returns and increased support for returnees. Providing adequate shelter, healthcare, and economic assistance is crucial to prevent further destabilization. Diplomatic efforts are also needed to address regional tensions and create a more stable environment for Afghan migrants and returnees alike.