Colombia faces a critical moment as violence, displacement, and political pressure shape the lead-up to the May presidential vote. Below are concise answers to questions readers are likely to search for, drawn from the current crisis and humanitarian toll. Each FAQ is crafted to be quick to scan and easy to understand, with room to explore related topics as you read on.
Security in Colombia is tense, with clashes among guerrilla factions, criminal networks, and state forces intensifying ahead of the May vote. Attacks on candidates, threats against political actors, and ongoing operations to disrupt illicit networks have raised concerns about stability. Expect ongoing reporting on violence levels, displacement trends, and security measures around polling sites.
The ICRC reports indicate worsening humanitarian outcomes, with displacement rising and civilians bearing the brunt of fighting. Access to essential services, protection needs, and the safety of civilians in conflict zones remain core concerns as the country moves toward the election. Aid agencies are focusing on evacuation, shelter, food, and medical support.
International reactions—ranging from diplomatic postings to humanitarian aid and multilateral pressure—could influence security strategies and negotiation efforts within Colombia. The response can affect the government's ability to stabilize rural areas, support civilians, and sustain peacebuilding processes amid ongoing violence.
Vulnerable groups in conflict zones—civilians at risk of displacement, activists, political candidates and their teams, and communities in insurgent or cartel-influenced areas—are most exposed. Protection of civilians and ensuring safe access to polling are central concerns for those tracking the lead-up to the vote.
Persistent conflict sources include armed groups competing for territory, illegal economies (drug trafficking, illegal mining), and the erosion of local security. These factors complicate peace efforts, create spikes in violence, and increase the risk for civilians around rural and border regions.
Security concerns can influence turnout, as residents in high-risk areas may fear participating or face logistical barriers. Election authorities and international observers stress secure voting processes and the protection of voters, with ongoing monitoring of threats to candidates and polling locations.
Two campaign workers for right-wing Colombian presidential candidate Abelardo De La Espriella in the country's southeast were killed just two weeks before the presidential election, his party Defenders of the Homeland said on Saturday.