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Why is China building the world's largest hydropower dam?
China is constructing the Yarlung Tsangpo Dam to significantly increase its clean energy capacity, aiming to meet its climate goals and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. The dam will generate three times more energy than the Three Gorges Dam, helping China move toward carbon neutrality by 2060. Additionally, the project enhances China's control over regional water resources and strengthens its strategic position in Tibet.
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What are the environmental impacts of the Yarlung Tsangpo Dam?
The dam's construction raises concerns about ecological disruption in the region. Potential impacts include habitat loss for local wildlife, changes in river flow, and sediment buildup. Environmental groups worry about the long-term effects on biodiversity and the health of downstream ecosystems, especially in India and Bangladesh, which rely on the river for water and agriculture.
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How will the dam affect water security in India and Bangladesh?
The Yarlung Tsangpo Dam could influence water flow downstream, impacting water availability for India and Bangladesh. These countries depend heavily on the river for agriculture, drinking water, and hydroelectric power. There are fears that China's control over the dam might lead to reduced water flow during dry seasons, exacerbating water scarcity and regional tensions.
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When will the dam be operational?
Construction of the Yarlung Tsangpo Dam began in 2020 and is expected to take at least a decade to complete. The project is currently in the early phases, with full operational status anticipated around 2035 or later. Once finished, it will be the largest hydropower dam in the world, marking a significant milestone in China's renewable energy efforts.
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What are the geopolitical implications of the dam?
The dam enhances China's influence over Tibet and regional water resources, which has geopolitical implications. India and Bangladesh have expressed concerns over water security and environmental impacts, leading to regional tensions. The project also underscores China's strategic ambitions to control critical infrastructure in the region, potentially affecting regional stability.
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Are there any risks associated with building such a massive dam?
Yes, large-scale dam projects carry risks including ecological disruption, potential dam failure, and geopolitical conflicts. The remote location and scale of the Yarlung Tsangpo Dam also pose engineering challenges. Additionally, downstream countries worry about reduced water flow and environmental degradation, which could lead to regional disputes.