-
Why are volcanoes erupting around the world now?
Volcanoes erupt due to movements in the Earth's crust and magma activity beneath the surface. Recent increases in eruptions can be linked to geological processes like magma rising, tectonic shifts, and pressure build-up in volcanic chambers. These factors can cause dormant volcanoes to wake up and active ones to become more intense.
-
How do scientists monitor volcanic activity?
Scientists use a combination of satellite imagery, ground-based sensors, and seismic monitoring to track volcanoes. Satellite data can detect ground uplift and gas emissions, while seismographs record tremors indicating magma movement. This helps authorities predict eruptions and issue warnings.
-
What are the risks of volcanic eruptions today?
Volcanic eruptions can cause ash clouds, pyroclastic flows, and lava flows, which threaten nearby communities and air travel. Ash can disrupt flights, damage engines, and impact health. Additionally, eruptions can trigger landslides and mudflows, especially in vulnerable areas.
-
Could recent eruptions affect climate or air travel?
Yes, large ash clouds from eruptions can reach high altitudes and spread globally, impacting climate by blocking sunlight and cooling the atmosphere temporarily. They also pose significant risks to air travel, leading to flight cancellations and rerouting to avoid ash clouds.
-
Are dormant volcanoes becoming active again?
Some volcanoes previously thought extinct, like Iran's Taftan, are showing signs of activity such as ground uplift and gas emissions. This suggests that dormant volcanoes can reawaken due to underground magma movements, making monitoring crucial.
-
What should people living near active volcanoes do?
Residents near active volcanoes should stay informed through local alerts, prepare emergency kits, and have evacuation plans ready. Authorities often issue warnings based on monitoring data, so staying alert and following official guidance is essential for safety.