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What is screwworm and how does it affect animals?
Screwworm is caused by the parasitic fly Cochliomyia hominivorax. The fly lays eggs on open wounds or sores on animals, and the larvae hatch and feed on living tissue. This can lead to severe infections, tissue damage, and even death if not treated promptly. The screwworm primarily affects livestock, wildlife, and sometimes humans, especially in warm, tropical regions.
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Why is the outbreak near the US border concerning?
The recent case in Nuevo León is less than 70 miles from the US border, raising fears that the screwworm could re-enter the United States. The fly was eradicated from North America decades ago, but recent re-emergence in Mexico suggests it could spread northward, threatening livestock industries and complicating trade relations.
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What measures are being taken to prevent the spread of screwworm?
Both US and Mexican authorities are increasing border surveillance and implementing strict quarantine measures. Efforts include monitoring livestock movements, applying insecticides, and conducting rapid response actions to contain any new cases. These coordinated efforts aim to prevent the re-establishment of screwworm in the US.
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Could this impact US agriculture or trade?
Yes, the presence of screwworm near the US border could lead to trade restrictions, such as bans on Mexican cattle imports, to prevent the spread of the parasite. Such measures could affect farmers, exporters, and the broader agricultural economy, emphasizing the importance of swift containment.
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How is screwworm eradicated and controlled?
Screwworm was eradicated in North America through a successful sterile insect technique, which involves releasing large numbers of sterilized male flies to reduce reproduction. Ongoing surveillance and rapid response are crucial to maintaining control and preventing re-infestation, especially in border regions.
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What should farmers and livestock owners do if they suspect screwworm?
Farmers should watch for signs of wounds that are slow to heal, with maggots or a foul smell. If screwworm is suspected, they should contact local veterinary authorities immediately. Prompt treatment with insecticides and wound care can prevent severe damage and help contain outbreaks.