What's happened
As of late November 2025, Myanmar's military and allied ethnic militias have intensified raids on online scam centers near Myawaddy, detaining over 12,500 foreigners and seizing thousands of devices. These operations target criminal networks linked to human trafficking and cyber fraud, amid international pressure and the recent extradition of scam kingpin She Zhijiang to China.
What's behind the headline?
Military Crackdown Amid International Pressure
Myanmar's intensified raids on scam centers reflect a strategic response to mounting global scrutiny, particularly from the U.S. and China. The military's publicized operations, including demolitions and mass detentions, aim to restore international credibility ahead of the December elections, widely viewed as a military ploy to maintain power.
Complex Local Dynamics
The involvement of ethnic militias like the Karen National Union (KNU) and the Border Guard Force (BGF) complicates enforcement. While the BGF claims participation in crackdowns, it has historically protected scam operators, highlighting the blurred lines between militias and criminal enterprises.
The Role of She Zhijiang
The extradition of She Zhijiang, a key figure behind the Shwe Kokko scam hub, to China marks a significant development. His arrest and sanctions by multiple countries underscore the transnational nature of these scams and the increasing cooperation among regional powers to dismantle them.
Forecast and Impact
Despite the crackdown's scale, critics argue masterminds remain active elsewhere, suggesting ongoing challenges. The military's efforts will likely continue under international pressure, but the deep-rooted nature of these networks and local militia interests mean eradication will be gradual. For global audiences, awareness of these scams is crucial, as billions are lost annually and victims trafficked into forced labor.
Why It Matters
This story reveals how cybercrime, human trafficking, and geopolitics intersect in Southeast Asia. The military's actions are as much about optics and control as genuine reform, with significant implications for regional security and international crime-fighting cooperation.
What the papers say
The Reuters report reveals internal military discussions where junta chief Min Aung Hlaing urged an "aggressive crackdown before the election," highlighting the political motivations behind the raids. Reuters also notes the military's concern over U.S. Strike Force operations potentially crossing borders, emphasizing sovereignty issues. AP News and The Independent provide detailed accounts of the raids, arrests, and equipment seizures, with AP quoting military spokesman Maj. Gen. Zaw Min Tun stressing efforts to "completely eradicate scam activities from their roots." Al Jazeera adds context on the military blaming armed opposition groups for enabling scam centers, while also noting China's lobbying role. The New York Times and NY Post focus on She Zhijiang's extradition to China, describing him as a major scam kingpin linked to Shwe Kokko and detailing his alleged criminal enterprises, including human trafficking and money laundering. The Independent includes statements from She's company denying illegal activities, illustrating contested narratives. Together, these sources paint a multifaceted picture of Myanmar's crackdown amid complex local alliances and international pressure.
How we got here
Myanmar's border regions, especially near Myawaddy, have long hosted large-scale online scam operations generating nearly $40 billion annually. These scams often involve human trafficking and bogus investment schemes. The military government, isolated internationally since its 2021 coup, began crackdowns in September 2025 under pressure from China and global powers.
Go deeper
- What role do ethnic militias play in Myanmar's scam operations?
- How has the international community responded to Myanmar's crackdown?
- Who is She Zhijiang and why is his extradition significant?
Common question
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What’s Happening with Myanmar’s Crackdown on Online Scams?
Myanmar’s recent military operation targeting online scam centers has made headlines worldwide. With hundreds of foreigners arrested and major figures like She Zhijiang facing extradition, many are wondering what this crackdown means for regional security and cybercrime. Below, we explore the details of Myanmar’s efforts, the key players involved, and what this means for global efforts against online fraud.
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What’s happening with Myanmar’s online scam raids?
Myanmar is currently undergoing a significant crackdown on online scam hubs, especially near the border regions like Myawaddy and Shwe Kokko. The military and allied militias have intensified operations, detaining hundreds of foreigners and seizing thousands of devices. This crackdown is part of a broader effort to combat cybercrime, human trafficking, and fraud networks linked to international criminal activities. But what does this mean for Myanmar’s security, its international relations, and the ongoing fight against cybercrime? Below, we explore the key questions surrounding this major operation.
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What’s Behind Myanmar’s Crackdown on Online Scam Hubs?
Myanmar has recently intensified its efforts to shut down large-scale online scam operations, especially near the border town of Myawaddy. These raids are part of a broader crackdown on cyber fraud, human trafficking, and illegal activities linked to international crime networks. But what exactly is happening, and what does it mean for global cybercrime? Below, we explore the key questions surrounding this major operation and its implications worldwide.
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How Does International Pressure Influence Myanmar's Anti-Scam Efforts?
Myanmar's recent crackdown on online scam hubs has garnered global attention, especially with the extradition of major scam leaders like She Zhijiang. International pressure from countries like China and the US is playing a significant role in shaping these efforts. But how exactly does this external influence impact Myanmar's fight against cybercrime? Below, we explore key questions about the effectiveness, implications, and future of Myanmar's anti-scam campaigns amid international involvement.
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How Are Cybercrime, Economic Shifts, and Geopolitical Tensions Connected?
In today's rapidly changing world, cybercrime, economic fluctuations, and geopolitical conflicts are more intertwined than ever. From Myanmar's crackdown on scam hubs to global inflation trends, understanding these links helps us grasp the bigger picture of international security and stability. Below, we explore key questions about how these issues influence each other and what it means for the future.
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