What's happened
Spain announced a policy to grant residency and work permits to all foreigners who arrived before Dec 31, 2025, and have lived in the country for at least five months. The move aims to formalize migrant labor, support the economy, and improve social cohesion amid ongoing debates on immigration.
What's behind the headline?
The Spanish government’s decision to regularize hundreds of thousands of undocumented migrants marks a significant departure from recent European trends. While many EU countries are tightening migration controls, Spain’s approach emphasizes human rights, economic contribution, and social integration. This policy will likely boost Spain’s labor market, especially in sectors reliant on migrant workers, and reduce exploitation in the black economy. However, opposition parties, notably Vox, argue it will strain public services and encourage illegal immigration. The move also signals a broader political shift, with the government prioritizing economic needs over populist anti-immigration rhetoric. If effectively implemented, this policy could serve as a model for other countries seeking to balance migration management with social justice, but it will require substantial administrative resources to process applications and ensure integration. The policy’s success hinges on government capacity and societal acceptance, which will determine its long-term impact on Spain’s social fabric and economy.
What the papers say
The coverage from AP News, France 24, The New York Times, Al Jazeera, and The Independent presents a consistent narrative: Spain’s move to regularize undocumented migrants is a historic and positive step, driven by economic necessity and social justice. AP News highlights the government’s plans and individual stories like Ale Castañeda’s, emphasizing the human impact. France 24 and The Independent focus on the political context, noting opposition from far-right parties like Vox and the broader European trend of tightening migration policies elsewhere. The New York Times underscores the economic importance of migrant labor, citing personal stories like Traoré’s and Joel Caceda’s, and stresses the policy’s potential to formalize a significant portion of Spain’s shadow economy. While some opposition voices warn of strain on public services, the overall tone across sources is supportive, framing the policy as a humane and pragmatic response to Spain’s demographic and economic challenges.
How we got here
Spain's new policy follows decades of irregular migration, with many migrants working in sectors like agriculture and hospitality without legal status. The move is a response to the country's economic needs and a shift from previous stricter policies, supported by civil society and the Catholic Church, contrasting with harsher EU and US approaches.
Go deeper
Common question
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How Are Europe's Countries Changing Their Politics and Immigration Policies in 2026?
Europe is experiencing significant political and social shifts in 2026. From France's bold move to pass its budget amid no-confidence threats to Spain's groundbreaking decision to grant legal residency to hundreds of thousands of undocumented migrants, these developments are reshaping the continent. Curious about what these changes mean for Europe’s future? Below are the key questions and answers that explain these major shifts.
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Why is Spain granting residency to undocumented migrants now?
Spain's recent move to allow hundreds of thousands of undocumented migrants to apply for renewable residence permits marks a significant shift in its immigration policy. This decision aims to formalize migrant labor, boost economic growth, and foster social cohesion. But what prompted this change, and what does it mean for Spain and Europe? Below, we explore the reasons behind this policy shift and its broader implications.
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What Does Spain’s New Immigration Policy Mean for Undocumented Migrants?
Spain’s recent move to grant residency and work permits to undocumented migrants has sparked widespread interest and debate. This policy aims to formalize migrant labor, support the economy, and promote social cohesion. But what does this change really mean for migrants, Spain’s economy, and the broader European context? Below, we explore the key questions and implications of this historic policy shift.
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