Edward I, England’s Hammer of the Scots, reigned 1272–1307; his era set legal and political foundations but left a long shadow on Britain’s frontier wars.
A 14th-century skeleton from Stirling Castle shows injuries consistent with a high-velocity trebuchet impact. Researchers say Skeleton 150 bears the hallmarks of being struck by a siege engine during the 1304 siege of Stirling, illustrating the deadly reach of medieval catapults.