German shipping giant; 5th-largest container line by TEU
Since January, a U.S. oil blockade has cut most foreign fuel shipments to Cuba and has pushed the island into its worst energy and economic crisis in decades. Repeated nationwide blackouts have occurred, hospitals and transport are strained, tourism has collapsed and Havana has approved limited economic reforms while secret U.S. intelligence and diplomatic contacts continue.
The United States has stated it will charge a 20% toll on all cargo transiting the Strait of Hormuz to fund security. Analysts say the plan faces legal, diplomatic, and practical hurdles and could reduce traffic through the waterway. Shipping groups condemn tolls on international waters. The proposal remains unproven and contentious.
A PanStar Acro voyage from Busan has begun testing Arctic passage to Europe, with stops in Felixstowe, Rotterdam and Gdansk. Governments see potential for shorter routes and reduced travel time, but environmental and political risks persist.