Brazilian state in the Central-West, home to Cerrado, Pantanal and part of the Amazon
The Supreme Court is considering the fate of Brazil’s soy moratorium, a voluntary pact that has curbed Amazon deforestation but faced state-law challenges. The court is also reviewing a new environmental licensing regime as lawmakers push back against environmental protections while Lula’s government seeks to sustain gains in forest conservation.
Official satellite data has shown Amazon forest loss fell 41.8% to 3,335 sq km in the 12 months to July 2026, the smallest annual loss since monitoring began in 1988. Brazil’s government credits strengthened enforcement and revived anti-deforestation programs, while a presidential run-off between Lula and Flávio Bolsonaro will determine whether protections continue.