The galaxy hosting the Solar System, seen as a hazy band in our night sky.
A study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has found that trees in cities like New York and Philadelphia start pollen production earlier and finish later due to light pollution, potentially extending the allergy season by up to 130 days; the effect is linked to plants using day length cues for flowering and leaf-out.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory has begun the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, a 10-year program that will image the southern sky every few nights. The telescope has started regular operations from its Chilean mountaintop site and is already returning new detections, including thousands of asteroids and transient views such as Comet 3I/ATLAS.
Astronomers have detected helium escaping from LHS 1140b, a rocky 'super-Earth' 48 light-years away that orbits in its star's habitable zone. The finding has confirmed an atmosphere around a habitable-zone rocky exoplanet for the first time and has been published in Science; teams used ground-based infrared spectroscopy and modelling.
Researchers have detected erythrulose, a four-carbon sugar, in the interstellar medium near the Milky Way’s center. The finding supports theories that sugars essential to life could form in space and arrive on Earth via comets and asteroids. The study, published in Nature Astronomy, suggests that millions of tonnes of erythrulose may have rained down on Earth during the Late Heavy Bombardment.
Durham researchers using supercomputer simulations show that a head‑on collision with Gaia Sausage likely caused a dramatic reorientation of the Milky Way’s disc, a process scientists describe as a “disc flip.” The event would have reshaped the galaxy’s spokes, bulge and halo, potentially altering the Solar System’s ancient path.
Scientists have captured the Sun’s surface at unprecedented resolution with the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope and other instruments and have identified widespread Kelvin–Helmholtz vortices—500–2,000km spirals of magnetised plasma. The team has linked these instabilities to how magnetic energy cascades to smaller scales and feeds flares and coronal mass ejections that produce space weather.