UK marine science hub at the heart of Southampton and Liverpool
Recent studies show that exceptionally low winter sea ice in 2025–26 confirms Arctic decline. The loss follows a brief pause in the early 2020s and aligns with ongoing warming, signaling continued changes in weather patterns across Europe.
The UK’s seas are experiencing an extreme marine heatwave, with temperatures averaging 2C above normal and pockets 4–5C hotter. The pattern follows a Europe-wide heat dome, and global sea surfaces have topped records for the time of year. Scientists warn of mass-mortality risks for marine life and shifts in species distribution.
The annual UK climate report shows that 2025 was the warmest year on record, with a shift of warmer conditions moving north and uphill. Days over 30C and nights over 18C have quadrupled in London, while rainfall fell sharply and droughts became more common. Authorities warn that extreme heat, sea levels, and water shortages will shape policy and daily life ahead.