A port city on the Red Sea, Sudan's main seaport and Red Sea State capital
Humanitarian and rights groups have documented mass killings, sexual violence and widespread displacement across RSF-held western Sudan. UNICEF has reported rising malnutrition, cholera risk and gender-based violence around El-Obeid and North Kordofan, while Sudan’s National Commission for Human Rights and UN probes have recorded mass graves, detention of thousands and nearly 4,000 cases of conflict-related sexual violence in Darfur.
Clashes have intensified between Ethiopian federal forces and the TPLF in western Tigray near the Sudan border. Civilians are fleeing, and both sides accuse the other of violating the Pretoria peace deal. The fighting follows months of deteriorating relations since the Pretoria agreement and raises fears of a wider conflict in the region.
Across Sudan, fighting remains fierce as clashes persist and civilians confront the breakdown of essential services. Reports highlight displaced families, sexual violence in conflict zones, and the surge in birth registrations becoming nearly impossible in some areas, underscoring the humanitarian catastrophe.
The army has begun absorbing RSF defectors after a wave of defections, with more fighters crossing from Darfur and Kordofan. Security checks and swearing-in are underway, as authorities vet defectors amid ongoing fighting and accusations of war crimes.
The war in Sudan continues to devastate civilians as donor funding shrinks. USAID-funded programs have ended or run out of funds, forcing clinics to close and patients to travel longer distances for care. International aid globally fell in 2025, and MSF warns that without increased support, more patients will face late, life-threatening treatment.
The Al-Zaraa mine, a hotspot for artisanal mining amid Sudan’s economic crisis, has collapsed, trapping dozens of miners. Rescue efforts are hampered by a lack of heavy machinery and ongoing conflict; authorities say hundreds are affected as the death toll rises.