The hottest planet in the solar system
A SpaceX Falcon 9 upper stage has struck the Moon near Einstein Crater at about 5,400 mph, carving a new crater and launching a dust plume. South Korea’s Danuri orbiter has photographed the site and released images. NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter is scheduled to image the impact next week while scientists begin analysing ejecta and crater formation.
A series of high-altitude eclipse observations are under way across Europe, North America and beyond. NASA-backed aircraft chase the moon’s shadow to extend totality, while airlines offer special flights and Iberia livestreams the event from Spain.
OpenAI and Anthropic are advancing their AI model releases ahead of potential IPOs, with Astra and Mythos/Fable updates designed to balance safety, performance, and enterprise data controls. OpenAI warns Astra safeguards may hinder legitimate work, while Anthropic is debuting higher-privacy safeguards and a zero-data-retention option for enterprise users.
Autumn has delivered a run of visible celestial events: a partial lunar eclipse in late August that reddened much of the Moon, close pairings of the young crescent Moon with Venus and Jupiter in September, and a string of upcoming spectacles — the Pleiades, the Orionid and Leonid meteor showers, a planetary parade on 14 November and a Beaver supermoon on 24 November.
The European Space Agency’s BepiColombo mission has completed a critical phase of its eight-year cruise by shedding the Mercury Transfer Module. Two orbiters remain to observe Mercury as the craft shifts to in-situ science, following a sequence of gravity assists and a new, power-efficient configuration.
Archaeologists uncover a mastaba at Saqqara dating to Egypt’s Fifth Dynasty, built for Yunmen, a high-ranking official, and his father Ity. The site includes two chapels, painted reliefs, and a false door, with colors well-preserved after more than 4,000 years. The find supports ongoing efforts to boost Egypt’s tourism through new discoveries.
Scientists have identified a 222‑metre‑wide, up to 43‑metre‑deep crater on the Moon formed in spring 2024 and first spotted in LRO images in 2025. The impact churned material across more than 100 km, produced a roughly 7‑km cold spot and has provided rare data scientists say will inform risk assessments for planned lunar bases.
A South Korean team has matched Van Gogh’s Starry Night to a predawn sky over Saint-Rémy-de-Provence around July 22, 1889, suggesting the painting may reflect a real sky rather than pure imagination. The study, published in Scientific Reports, notes three possible dawns fit the crescent Moon above Venus and the Hyades; July 22 is the closest match, though not conclusive. Leading institutions challenge the dating, citing June 1889 as the painting’s creation.