In December 2025, tensions between Israel and Iran have sharply escalated, with Israel launching military strikes on Iran and Iran retaliating with missile and drone attacks. This surge in violence raises many questions about what triggered these actions, how both sides are responding, and what it means for regional stability. Below, we explore the key questions to understand this complex and rapidly evolving conflict.
-
What triggered Israel's recent military strikes on Iran?
Israel launched targeted attacks on Iran’s nuclear and missile sites after alleged violations of a ceasefire agreement. Israeli officials claim the strikes were necessary to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons and threatening Israel’s security. The operation involved assassinations of Iranian nuclear scientists and strikes on key facilities, with US intelligence sharing details of the planned actions.
-
How are Iran and Israel responding to the latest attacks?
Iran responded with a barrage of missile and drone attacks on Israel, launching over 500 missiles and 1,100 drones in retaliation. These attacks have targeted Israeli cities and military sites, escalating the conflict further. Israel has continued its military operations, and both sides are now engaged in a cycle of retaliation that threatens regional peace.
-
What could this escalation mean for regional peace and stability?
The recent escalation risks destabilizing the entire Middle East region. It could lead to wider conflicts involving neighboring countries and complicate diplomatic efforts to restore peace. The ongoing violence also worsens humanitarian crises, especially in Gaza, and increases the risk of a broader regional war.
-
What role is the US playing in this conflict?
The United States has taken a cautious stance, criticizing Israel’s strikes for violating the ceasefire and warning of diplomatic repercussions. US officials are trying to manage the fallout and prevent the conflict from spreading further, while also supporting diplomatic efforts to de-escalate tensions between Israel and Iran.
-
Could this conflict lead to a wider regional war?
Yes, the current escalation has the potential to trigger a broader regional conflict involving multiple countries in the Middle East. The cycle of attacks and retaliation increases the risk of wider military engagements, which could destabilize the region for years to come.
-
What are the humanitarian impacts of this escalation?
The ongoing violence has worsened humanitarian crises, especially in Gaza, where over 500 missiles and drones have been launched in retaliation. Civilians on both sides are suffering from the violence, displacement, and destruction of infrastructure, raising urgent concerns about civilian safety and aid access.