What's happened
Human rights groups warn of a new wave of xenophobic violence as anti-immigration movements organise protests across major cities, with vigilante actions and calls for foreigners to leave by a set date. Attacks have been reported against migrants and foreign-owned businesses, prompting court actions and concerns about state protection.
What's behind the headline?
Brief
- The protests are led by groups like March and March and Operation Dudula, which have mounted demonstrations in Durban, Johannesburg and Pretoria.
- Videos and reports show violence, threats and intimidation against migrants, with some incidents resulting in injuries and property damage.
- Legal actions and court rulings have challenged vigilante actions and called for state protection of migrants; court decisions emphasise that only immigration or police officers may require identity checks in public spaces.
Forecast
- Pressure on the government to strengthen enforcement and protection for migrants will intensify as protests continue into local elections.
- International and regional scrutiny will increase, potentially prompting diplomatic and policy responses.
How we got here
Since April 2026,South African anti-immigrant groups have escalated demonstrations in major cities, citing undocumented migration and crime. Human rights organisations have warned of intimidation and discrimination against migrants, as police and authorities face scrutiny over their response. The situation has drawn international attention and raised questions about protection mechanisms for foreign nationals.
Our analysis
All Africa and Al Jazeera report on xenophobic violence and protests; France 24 provides context on groups behind the protests and associated violence; Human Rights Watch comments on the broader pattern of vigilantism and state response.
Go deeper
- Will the government implement new protections for migrants?
- Are local police able to curb vigilante violence while ensuring due process?
- What are the implications for Durban’s businesses and residents?
More on these topics
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Durban - City in South Africa
Durban is the third most populous city in South Africa after Johannesburg and Cape Town and the largest city in the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal.
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ActionSA - Political party
ActionSA is a South African political party established by former Mayor of Johannesburg, Herman Mashaba, soon after he left the Democratic Alliance.
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Johannesburg - City in South Africa
Johannesburg, informally known as Jozi, Joburg, or "The City of Gold", is the largest city in South Africa and one of the 50 largest urban areas in the world.
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South Africa - Country in Southern Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa, is the southernmost country in Africa. With over 59 million people, it is the world's 24th-most populous nation and covers an area of 1,221,037 square kilometres.
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Cyril Ramaphosa - President of South Africa
Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa is a South African politician and the fifth and current President of South Africa. Previously an anti-apartheid activist, trade union leader and businessman, Ramaphosa served as the Deputy President of South Africa from 2014 to 20
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Human Rights Watch - Non-governmental organization
Human Rights Watch is an international non-governmental organization, headquartered in New York City, that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.