Melanesian archipelago in the Pacific
China has test‑launched a long‑range ballistic missile from a nuclear submarine into the South Pacific carrying a dummy warhead. Beijing has said the launch was routine and that relevant countries were notified; Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Pacific states have condemned the test as destabilising and said notice was insufficient.
Experts are monitoring a high likelihood of a strong El Niño developing this summer, which could lead to record global temperatures in 2027. The phenomenon may cause extreme weather events worldwide, including droughts and heavy rainfall, with a 62% chance of a super El Niño persisting into the end of the year.
Super Typhoon Sinlaku has been impacting the Northern Mariana Islands and Guam, with sustained winds reaching 150-175 mph. The storm is causing widespread damage, flooding, and power outages. Authorities are warning residents to shelter in place as the storm continues to move slowly, with conditions expected to worsen overnight.
The UN General Assembly has endorsed the ICJ's advisory opinion on climate obligations, urging a transition away from fossil fuels and emphasizing implementation through the Paris Agreement. 141 member states vote in favor; eight vote against, 28 abstain. The resolution reinforces climate justice and calls for states to comply with existing obligations, with major emitters among the opponents.
Solomon Islands’ new prime minister has said a 2022 security pact with China is under review, after he was provided with a copy and indicated some officials have been moved. Australia and the Solomon Islands are negotiating a broader strategic treaty to elevate their bilateral security and economic ties.
A think tank warns that China’s military expansion could quickly and dramatically raise the threat to Australia by basing long-range bombers and missiles closer to the region. The analysis notes capability growth, with potential deployment near Australia and new bases increasing the frequency of strikes.
Australia and Fiji have formalised new defence arrangements aimed at countering China’s influence in the Pacific. The Ocean of Peace Alliance and the Vuvale Union strengthen regional security commitments, with Australia pledging over a billion dollars in funding over the next decade to support security, development, and regional stability.